Abstract
Isoforms of amelogenin, a highly conserved protein in mammalians that constitutes 90% of the enamel organic matrix, are mainly produced by ameloblasts. One of the amelogenin splicing variants, leucine rich amelogenin peptide (LRAP) has been reported to promote maturation of osteoblasts and periodontal ligament (PDL) cell proliferation. However, it is still unclear whether the amelogenin splicing variants are involved in chondrogenesis. The aim of the present study was to characterize the function of LRAP in chondrogenesis. Micromass culture of embryonic limb bud mesenchymal cells was performed as in vitro model for chondrogenesis. The recombinant LRAP was added to micromass culture system to analyze the effect on proliferation of mesenchymal cells and chondrogenic differentiation. LRAP increased the number of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) positive cells and nodules stained with alcian blue. In addition, LRAP increased mRNA expression of Sox9 and type II collagen. These findings suggest that the amelogenin splicing variant, LRAP, promotes chondrogenesis.
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