Abstract
Objective: Protective effects of Tribulus terrestris (TT) and vitamin C were studied against permethrin induced changes in the histoarchitecture of goat testis.Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of the fruits of Tribulus terrestris was prepared by maceration method and the extractive value was calculated. Fresh stock solution of permethrin (1mg/ml) in dimethyl sulphoxide and Tribulus terrestris (1mg/ml) in distilled water were prepared. Testicular tissues were cultured in TCM-199 nutrition media at 39℃ with 95% humidity and 5% CO₂ in the CO₂ incubator. Cultured testicular tissue was grouped as control having only the nutritive media, experimental group I(EI) received two doses of permethrin (100µg/ml and 200µg/ml), experimental group II(EII) was administered doses of permethrin along with vitamin C(0.1µM/ml) and experimental group III(EIII) was supplemented with doses of permethrin along with Tribulus terrestris (100µg/ml). All the groups were tested for 4 hr. and 8hr. for histoarcitectural studies.Results: Histological alterations were observed such as distorted shape of seminiferous tubules, decreased luminal and interstitial space, reduction in the population of spermatocytes, spermatozoa and spermatids in treated (E1) group as compared to control group. Maximum damage was detected at a higher dose of permethrin (200µg/ml) for 8h in contrast to lower doses (100 4h and 8h). Thus, it is concluded that permethrin has both dose and time-dependent effects. Protective groups (E2 and E3) imparted ameliorative effects by reestablishing shape of seminiferous tubules, decreasing luminal and interstitial space, increased population of spermatocyte, spermatozoa, and spermatids as compared with treated groups (E1)Conclusion: It has been reported that permethrin affects male fertility by inducing detrimental changes in the structure and function of seminiferous tubules. Both vitamin C and TT have the ability to mitigate the effect of pesticide. TT shows aphrodisiac activity against permethrin induced alterations in goat testis.
Highlights
In Ayurveda, medicinal plants have prominence value in curing several sexual disorders
Around 80% of the world population is still dependent on medicinal plants for health care and 20% of drugs in pharmaceutical firms are from plant sources [1]
The present study has revealed the protective effect of TT and vitamin C on deteriorating effects of permethrin on goat testis
Summary
In Ayurveda, medicinal plants have prominence value in curing several sexual disorders. A number of medicinal plants are deployed for sexual stimulation or having properties for the treatment of oligospermia, sexual/ejaculatory dysfunction and several another malfunctioning. Some of the medicinal plants either have androgens or stimulate androgenic activity in males are known as phytoestrogens. These are basically secondary metabolites secreted by the plants. Androgens or male sex hormones are a class of steroid hormones produced in the male by testicular Leydig cells [2]. They are mainly responsible for sexual differentiation, development, maintenance of secondary male characteristics and for the initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis [3]. Phytoandrogens possessing aphrodisiac properties, are Abelmoschus manihot, Asparagus racemosus, Spilanthes acmella, Tribulus terrestris [4] etc
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