Ameliorative effects of dietary clinoptilolite on pathological changes in broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis

Abstract

The amelioration of aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens was examined by feeding two concentrations of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite). Clinoptilolite (ClI), incorporated into the diet at 1·5 and 2·5 per cent, was evaluated for the ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2·5mg total aflatoxin (AF) kg−1diet on growing broiler chicks from 1 to 21 days of age. A total of 360 broiler chicks were divided into six treatment groups [Control, AF, CLI (1·5 per cent), AF plus CLI (1·5 per cent),CLI (2·5 per cent), and AF plus CLI (2·5 per cent)] each consisting of 60 chicks. Compared to controls, the AF consuming chicks showed increases in the relative weights of liver and kidney; and gross-histopathologic hepatic lesions such as paleness, friability, diffuse hydropic degeneration and/or fatty change, bile-duct hyperplasia and periportal fibrosis. Glumerular hypertrophy, increases in the number of mesengial cells and hydropic degeneration of tubuler epithelium in kidneys of chicks fed diet AF alone were also observed. Atrophy and lymphoid depletion were seen in the thymuses and bursa of Fabricius from the chicks fed AF alone. The additions of CLI (1·5 and 2·5 per cent) to the AF -containing diet moderately (significantly in some cases) decreased the number of affected broilers and/or the severity of lesions. The addition of CLI to the AF -free diet did not produce any significant changes compared with the controls. These results suggest that CLI was effective for the protection of AF -toxication in broilers and it could contribute to a solution of the AF problem in poultry production.