Abstract
The increase in concern from viable cells of probiotics specifically in acute inflammatory conditions has led to the emergence of the concept of postbiotics as a safer alternative therapy in the field of health and wellness. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of surface proteins from three probiotic strains in dextran sodium sulfate and trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid = induced colitis mouse models. The molecular weight of total surface proteins extracted from the three probiotic strains ranged from ∼25 to ∼250 kDa with the presence of negligible levels of endotoxins. Surface layer proteins (SLPs) (∼45 kDa) were found to be present only in the Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM strain. In the in vivo study, significant differences were not observed in the weight loss and general appetite, however, the decrease in colon length was apparent in TNBS colitis control mice. Further, the administration of these surface proteins significantly reversed the histopathological damages induced by the colitogens and improved the overall histological score. The oral ingestion of these surface proteins also led to a decrease in myeloperoxidase activity and TNF-α expression while the IL-10 levels significantly increased for the strain NCFM followed by MTCC 5690 and MTCC 5689. Overall, the present study signifies the ameliorative role of probiotic surface proteins in colitis mice, thereby, offering a potential and safer alternative for the management of inflammatory bowel disorders.
Highlights
With the growing concern in self-care and optimum health at all ages, recognition of a link between probiotics and health has become stronger
Studies have shown that probiotic strains can modulate the intestinal microflora and play a beneficial role in inflammatory conditions such as ulcerative colitis (UC)
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species are considered to be safe, certain threats exists with the use of live probiotic strains such as the risks of opportunistic infections, bacteremia, dissemination of antibiotic resistant determinants, etc (Pradhan et al, 2020), along with challenges of maintaining sufficient viability throughout processing and shelf life of probiotic dietary supplements or food formulations
Summary
With the growing concern in self-care and optimum health at all ages, recognition of a link between probiotics and health has become stronger. Amelioration of Colitis by Lactobacilli studies have delved into the aspect of altering gut microbiota with probiotics as an approach to prevent or treat such diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, etc (Thushara et al, 2016). Even though they are regarded as safe for use in human, food, and animal feed applications, there is a growing concern regarding their safety under clinical conditions. The functionality is being affected irrespective of their viability and this could imply that the control of cell viability is not always enough to guarantee the functionality of a strain (Vinderola et al, 2011)
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