Ameliorative effect of piracetam on emamectin benzoate induced perturbations in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in murine system

Abstract

Emamectin benzoate (4´-deoxy-4´-epimethylaminoavermectin B1) is a macrocyclic lactone developed for the control of insect pests in edible plant crops. The current study was taken to assess the possible ameliorative effect of piracetam (P) on emamectin benzoate (EMB) induced alterations in energy metabolism in liver, kidney, testis, heart, cerebral cortex, cerebellum and muscle of rats. Rats of normal control group (N) received water and normal diet ad libitum and (EMB as well as EMB+P) group received 5 mg/kg bw emamectin benzoate via drinking water for 4 weeks. After four weeks of EMB treatment, rats of (EMB+P) received piracetam (500 mg/kg bw, iv) for 15 days. The results demonstrate that emamectin benzoate caused a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity and the level of lactate indicating organ damage in treated animals. Piracetam, the so-called ‘nootropic’ drug is mainly used to treat cognitive impairment in aging, brain injuries, as well as dementia. In the present study piracetam treatment caused a significant inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity in liver, kidney, testis, heart, cerebral cortex, cerebellum and muscle of rats. The amelioration of toxic effects by piracetam treatment in EMB treated rats indicate that this drug has the potential to mitigate emamectin benzoate induced toxicity in mammalian systems.