Abstract
Objectives: To study the ameliorative properties of lycopene in diabetic patients by measuring oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes like xanthine oxidase (XOD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and low molecular weight antioxidant compound that is reduced glutathione (GSH) in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups: Group-1: Normal healthy subjects (Control); Group- 2: Diabetic patients and Group- 3: 4 mg lycopene ingested diabetic patients. The levels of MDA, XOD, SOD, GPx, GR and GSH were determined in blood samples in all the groups for evaluation of oxidant– antioxidant status. Results: A significant (p<0.001) elevation in MDA and XOD levels while a significant (p<0.01) reduction in SOD, GPx, GR and GSH levels was observed in diabetic patients. Oral administration of lycopene (4 mg once daily for 3 months) to diabetic patients attenuated the oxidative stress by significantly (p<0.01) decreasing the levels of MDA and XOD. In addition, lycopene significantly (p<0.01) increased the SOD, GSH, GPx and GR levels in lycopene ingested diabetic patients. Conclusion: Aforementioned observations suggested that oxidative stress increased in diabetics while ingestion of lycopene (4 mg/day for 3 months) might alleviate oxidative stress in diabetic patients and warrants further investigations with large clinical trials.
Highlights
Diabetes is a major worldwide health problem predisposing to markedly increased cardiovascular mortality and serious morbidity [1,2]
In the present study, we evaluated the effect of lycopene on oxidative stress biomarkers like MDA, and certain antioxidant enzymes such as xanthine oxidase (XOD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and low molecular weight antioxidant compound GSH in diabetic patients
A significant increase (P
Summary
Diabetes is a major worldwide health problem predisposing to markedly increased cardiovascular mortality and serious morbidity [1,2]. Due to altered dietary habits in both western and developing countries, the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is growing at an exponential rate [3]. One in three U.S children born in 2000 could develop diabetes during their lifetime. Over 200,000 people die each year of diabetes-related complications. In 2004, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 150 million people worldwide suffered from diabetes. The WHO has predicted that the major burden will occur in developing countries. In the year 2025, India, China and the United States of America (USA) will be the countries with the largest number of diabetic people [4]
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