Abstract
Background: Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important limitations of cisplatin-based chemotherapies which associated with many complications and high mortality rate. Objectives: To investigate the effect of lycopene on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with cancer. Patients and Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 120 patients were randomly assigned to two groups, case (treated with lycopene + standard regimen of kidney injury prevention) and control (treated with only the standard regimen of kidney injury prevention). Lycopene was orally taken from 24 hours before to 72 hours after cisplatin administration. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured and recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Changes in Cr were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.131). However, a significant decreasing trend was seen in GFR during the study, which was more marked in the control group (P = 0.004). BUN significantly decreased during the study (P = 0.002), and a significant decrease of BUN on the day three in both groups was seen (P = 0.001). However, BUN increased in the case group on the day 21 of treatment. The corresponding increase was less marked in the control group. Conclusions: Lycopene can be considered a useful adjuvant therapy to decrease the complications due to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in patients with cancer.
Highlights
Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important limitations of cisplatin-based chemotherapies which associated with many complications and high mortality rate
According to repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA), the changing trend of serum Cr was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.131), this trend was significant throughout the study in both groups (P = 0.011)
A decreasing trend of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was seen in the control group, GFR increased in the case group on the first three days and decreased partially
Summary
Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important limitations of cisplatin-based chemotherapies which associated with many complications and high mortality rate. Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) [cis-(Pt(NH3)2Cl2), cisplatin)], commonly referred to as CDDP, is a synthetic and anticancer compound [1] which is used depending on the type and histological degree of tumor, disease stage, and the patient’s tolerance to side effects [2] Cisplatin can damage both cancer and healthy cells and nephrotoxicity is one of the complications due to cisplatin [3]. Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity occurs due to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydroxyl radicals, which leads to lipids peroxidation, oxidation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and Lycopene and cisplatin nephropathy destruction of cell membrane Producing such free radicals causes decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), variations in some blood-based biomarkers, and incidence of acute tubular nephrotoxicity. To the best of our knowledge, no similar study has yet been conducted in Iran
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