Amelioration of Corruption Dynamics in Nigeria: Mathematical Models and Control Strategies

Abstract

The most pressing problems in Nigeria have to do with corruption, which can be defined as giving or receiving of bribe. It has been asserted that almost everybody above 12 years of age have been infected with corruption one way or the other. The impact of corruption on national development cannot be overemphasized. Different scholars from social sciences, psychology, political sciences, and religious studies have attempted a working definition for corruption from their various disciplines. However, all of the working definitions are interwoven. Despite various research works and the availability of both preventive and capital punishment on those involved in corruption related offences, corruption still remains uncurable social disease in the world. According to Transparency International Index 2020 survey, Nigeria is the 31st most corrupt nation out of the 180 countries considered. In our research, we developed and analysed a mathematical model for the Dynamics of corruption to highlight the relationship between corruption and social stratification using ordinary differential equations, we complimented the existing mathematical models of corruption by incorporating the impacts of social stratification and vice versa. We obtain the corruption-free and endemic equilibrium points of the model, we also compute the effective basic reproduction number, of the model, we employed the mathematical tools to analyse the corruption-free and endemic equilibrium states of the model for stability