Abstract
The accumulation of free radicals and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the skin plays a very important role in skin aging. Both are known to interact with each other. Therefore, natural compounds or extracts that possess both antioxidant and antiglycation activities might have great antiageing potential. Akebia quinata fruit extract (AQFE) has been used to treat urinary tract inflammatory disease in traditional Korean and Chinese medicines. In the present study, AQFE was demonstrated to possess antioxidant and antiglycation activity. AQFE protects human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) from oxidative stress and inhibits cellular senescence induced by oxidative stress. We also found that AQFE inhibits glycation reaction between BSA and glucose. The antiglycation activity of AQFE was dose-dependent. In addition, the antiglycation activity of AQFE was confirmed in a human skin explant model. AQFE reduced CML expression and stimulated fibrillin-1 expression in comparison to the methyglyoxal treatment. In addition, the possibility of the extract as an anti-skin aging agent has also been clinically validated. Our analysis of the crow’s feet wrinkle showed that there was a decrease in the depth of deep furrows in RI treated with AQFE cream over an eight-week period. The overall results suggest that AQFE may work as an anti-skin aging agent by preventing oxidative stress and other complications associated with AGEs formation.
Highlights
In recent years, the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has been increasingly discussed in skin aging, and the potential of anti-AGE strategies has received high interest from pharmaceutical companies for the development of novel antiaging cosmeceutical compounds.Glycation is a slow, nonenzymatic reaction that takes place between free amino groups in proteins primarily lysine, and a reducing sugar such as glucose or ribose
Among the other markers studied for their sensitivity to glycation, it was shown that fibrillin-1, a glycoprotein associated with oxytalan fibers, is highly sensitive to glycation and its alteration was inversely correlated to the appearance of CML [3]
When Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was incubated with glucose, a significant increase in fluorescence intensity was observed at Week 3 of the experiment
Summary
Nonenzymatic reaction that takes place between free amino groups in proteins primarily lysine, and a reducing sugar such as glucose or ribose. In skin, this reaction creates new residues or formations of cross-links (AGEs) in the extracellular matrix of the dermis. AGEs markedly increase in diabetes, due to a higher glycolytic rate, and settle on the elastic network. They arise from dicarbonyl precursors, a category among which methyglyoxal can be included. Fibrillin-1 contributes to the clinical features of skin aging, such as wrinkle formation and loss of elasticity [4]
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