Ambon Banana Maturity Classification Based On Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

Abstract

The banana (Musa paradical), is an excellent fruit produced nationally and high in vitamins. In Indonesia, banana production is at a higher level than other fruit products. However, one of them is the issue with bananas' post-harvest, which arises when they are produced in huge quantities on a large scale or by an industry that sorts bananas. So far, the determination of the maturity level of bananas is done by relying on visual analysis limited to the color of the skin by the human eye. However, this identification approach has several drawbacks. First, this method requires significant effort in the banana sorting process. In addition, the perception of the fruit's maturity level can vary, because humans can experience fatigue and lack of consistency in judgment. In addition, human judgment is also influenced by subjective factors that can affect the final result. Considering this problem, developed a system to classify the ripeness level of Ambon bananas. This system utilizes image enhancement features to increase contrast, which is implemented using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The classification process is carried out through image processing using MATLAB R2022a software, which forms the basis of a classification system with 4 classes which include 486 images of unripe Ambon bananas, 235 images of half-ripe Ambon bananas, 309 images of perfectly ripe Ambon bananas, 184 images of rotten Ambon bananas. The dataset analyzed in this study totaled 1214 data divided into 1093 training data and 121 test data. The CNN method is used in this data classification, and the results show an accuracy rate of 95.87%.