Abstract
Murici (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth and B. verbascifolia (L.) DC.) and tapereba (Spondias mombin) are Amazonian fruits that contain bioactive compounds. Biochemical and molecular characterization of these fruits can reveal their potential use in preventing diseases, including cancer. The extracts were characterized regarding the presence and profile of carotenoids by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), total phenolic content by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay, and antioxidant activity by antioxidant value 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) content analysis, 22,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) content analysis, Ferric-Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) analysis. The extracts of tapereba and murici studied were important sources of total carotenoids and lutein, respectively. The extracts were then tested for their effect on the viability of the A2780 ovarian cancer (OC) cell line and its cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant derived cell line, called ACRP, by using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays. Their influence on cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by using flow cytometry. Murici and tapereba cell extracts exhibited a strong bioactivity by inhibiting A2780 and ACRP cell viability by 76.37% and 78.37%, respectively, besides modulating the cell cycle and inducing apoptotic cell death. Our results open new perspectives for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies using these Amazon fruit extracts to sensitize ovarian cancer cells to current chemotherapeutic options.
Highlights
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is a highly heterogeneous disease and despite advances in understanding it, patients suffering from this disease still have poor prognostic rates related to late diagnosis and rapidBiomolecules 2019, 9, 707; doi:10.3390/biom9110707 www.mdpi.com/journal/biomoleculesBiomolecules 2019, 9, 707 progression [1]
Based on the need to develop more effective treatment strategies to reverse chemoresistance and the survival rates in ovarian cancer (OC) patients and the potential properties of ME and TAP as sources of bioactive compounds, this paper investigates the use of extracts from these Amazonian fruits as auxiliary tools to modulate the cell viability and survival of A2780 and ACRP OC cell lines
Since ME and TAP promoted a significant reduction of A2780 and ACRP cell viability, we investigated whether this effect could be due to cell cycle modulation
Summary
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is a highly heterogeneous disease and despite advances in understanding it, patients suffering from this disease still have poor prognostic rates related to late diagnosis and rapidBiomolecules 2019, 9, 707; doi:10.3390/biom9110707 www.mdpi.com/journal/biomoleculesBiomolecules 2019, 9, 707 progression [1]. Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is a highly heterogeneous disease and despite advances in understanding it, patients suffering from this disease still have poor prognostic rates related to late diagnosis and rapid. Its main treatment is cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum/taxane-based chemotherapy in advanced cases. Cisplatin (CDDP) is considered the first line of treatment against OC and despite high initial response rates, a large percentage of patients relapse after treatment. High doses of CDDP are related to irreversible side effects and resistance [3]. Alternative approaches or combination therapies including CDDP could be important options for the treatment of OC. Fruit species have high economic values, both in the fresh fruit trade and use as raw materials for agroindustry [4]. The Amazon region contains a wide range of fruit varieties with economic potential due to their diverse aromas and exotic flavors [5]
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