Abstract
In this work, needle-shaping of tungsten oxide nanowires occurredduring field emission characterization. Compared with nanowires witha flat apex, needle-shaped emitters showed a lower threshold field of11.9 V µm − 1 for1 mA cm − 2 and a higheremission current of 1120 µA at 16.2 V µm − 1. Most notably, the measured ageing current dramatically increased by more than fourtimes until it slightly decreased, tending towards stability. In addition, the samples showedstriking difference in their nonlinear Fowler–Nordheim plot before and after ageing tests.Selected area diffraction and transmission electron microscope characterizations were usedto further study these amazing results.
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