AM Fungi Influences the Photosynthetic Activity, Growth and Antioxidant Enzymes in Allium sativum L. under Salinity Condition

Mahesh Borde,Paramjit Kaur Jite,Mayura Dudhane

doi:10.15835/nsb245434

Mahesh Borde, Paramjit Kaur Jite + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb245434

Copy DOI

Abstract

Potential of Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in alleviating adverse salt effects on growth was tested in garlic (Allium sativum L.). Towards this objective we analyzed the AM root colonization and the activities of various antioxidant enzymes like peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase at 0, 100, 200 and 300 mM salinity levels. The activities of all the antioxidant enzymes studied were found to be increased in AM garlic plants. Antioxidant activity was maximum in 100 and 200 mM NaCl (sodium chloride) in AM and non-AM plants. Proline accumulation was induced by salt levels and it was more in leaves as well as roots of AM plants as compared to non-AM plants, this indicating that mycorrhiza reduced salt injury. Growth parameters of garlic plants like leaf area, plant fresh and dry weight and antioxidant enzyme activities were higher at moderate salinity level. This work suggests that the mycorrhiza helps garlic plants to perform better under moderate salinity level by enhancing the antioxidant activity and proline content as compared to non-AM plants.

Highlights

Accumulation of salts on the soil surface is one of the most serious agricultural problems in arid and semiarid regions including India (Akhter, 2004)
Increase in morphological parameters in Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) garlic plants during moderate salinity condition was observed which states that mycorrhiza helps garlic plants to survive luxuriantly under saline conditions
Many studies have indicated that inoculation with AM fungi improves growth of plant under salt stress condition (Yano et al, 2003; Giri and Mukerji, 2004; Cho et al, 2006; Ghazi Al-Karaki, 2006)

Summary

Introduction

Accumulation of salts on the soil surface is one of the most serious agricultural problems in arid and semiarid regions including India (Akhter, 2004). (garlic) is one of the important crops grown on one lac twenty thousand hector area in arid and semiarid regions of India for its bulbs which is an important spice/condiment. For the plant host the cost of AM colonization is the delivery of 4-20% of photosynthetically fixed carbon to its fungal partner (Wright et al, 1998; Bago et al, 2000). These costs must have been offset by the benefits to the colonized plant. Several workers have demonstrated that AM fungi diminish detrimental effects of salinity (Ruiz-Lozano et al, 1996; RuizLozano and Azcon 2000; Al-Karaki and Hammad 2001; Feng et al, 2002)

Methods

Results

Conclusion