Alveolar Ridge Split Technique Using Piezosurgery with Specially Designed Tips.

Alessandro Moro,Paolo De Angelis,Giuseppe D’Amato,Enrico Foresta,Sandro Pelo,Gianmarco Saponaro,Umberto Garagiola,Giulio Gasparini,Marco Falchi,Mario Forcione,Lorenzo Cardarelli

doi:10.1155/2017/4530378

Abstract

The treatment of patients with atrophic ridge who need prosthetic rehabilitation is a common problem in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Among the various techniques introduced for the expansion of alveolar ridges with a horizontal bone deficit is the alveolar ridge split technique. The aim of this article is to give a description of some new tips that have been specifically designed for the treatment of atrophic ridges with transversal bone deficit. A two-step piezosurgical split technique is also described, based on specific osteotomies of the vestibular cortex and the use of a mandibular ramus graft as interpositional graft. A total of 15 patients were treated with the proposed new tips by our department. All the expanded areas were successful in providing an adequate width and height to insert implants according to the prosthetic plan and the proposed tips allowed obtaining the most from the alveolar ridge split technique and piezosurgery. These tips have made alveolar ridge split technique simple, safe, and effective for the treatment of horizontal and vertical bone defects. Furthermore the proposed piezosurgical split technique allows obtaining horizontal and vertical bone augmentation.

Highlights

The treatment of patients with atrophic ridge who need prosthetic rehabilitation is a common problem in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Among the various techniques introduced for the expansion of alveolar ridges with a horizontal bone deficit is the alveolar ridge split technique
Alveolar ridge split technique can be carried out by inserting implants simultaneously or it can be done in two steps

Summary

Introduction

The treatment of patients with atrophic ridge who need prosthetic rehabilitation is a common problem in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Following the loss of a tooth, the alveolar ridge undergoes bone resorption in the vertical, transversal, and sagittal plane [1]. The majority of the reduction takes place within the first year after the extraction, in particular, within the first three months [1,2,3,4]. There is a greater reduction of the bone thickness rather than in the height. The resorptive process continues throughout the following years; the rate of bone loss decreases progressively [5, 6]. The lower jaw is more seriously affected than the upper jaw [6] and the posterior segments of both the mandible and maxilla show more extensive atrophic phenomena compared to the anterior ones [3, 7]

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