Alveolar Bone Graft for Patients With Cleft Lip/Palate Using Bone Particles and Titanium Mesh: A Quantitative Study

Abstract

This study evaluated the bone volume, height, and width that can be obtained in alveolar ridge augmentation using titanium mesh and autogenous bone particles in patients with cleft lip/palate. Subjects were 15 patients with cleft lip/palate requiring tertiary bone graft for implant therapy. Computed tomography (CT) scans were taken before removing the mesh, from 1 to 21 months after bone grafting. Forty-three reconstructed images corresponding to the positions for implant placement were selected for this study. The percent defect filled with bone (%BONE), defined as the percentage of newly formed bone in the space created by the mesh, was measured for image analyses. In linear analyses, 4 parameters were used: increased bone height (IBH), percent increased bone height (%IBH), increased bone width (IBW), and percent increased bone width (%IBW). Factors influencing the quantitative data and the clinical courses of placed implants were also explored. The average %BONE was 91.1%. IBH averaged 4.4 mm, whereas %IBH averaged 88.5%. IBW averaged 4.6 mm, whereas %IBW averaged 86.4%. Little correlation was present between the quantitative data and patient age, or time interval. A significant correlation was identified between the data for span of the grafted area and %BONE (correlation coefficient value = -0.36). However, the diminishing rate was very low. No implants were lost postoperatively. Alveolar ridge augmentation with titanium mesh and autogenous bone particles from the anterior iliac crest has very high predictability as a preimplant procedure in patients with cleft lip/palate.