Abstract
The coagulation process is used as the first step for the chemical treatment of liquid waste. Resulting wet sludge is treated with coagulants or polyelectrolytes to improve dewatering characteristics of its so-called conditioning. The coagulants such as aluminum sulphate or polyaluminum chloride (Al2Cln(OH)6−n) are widely used for dairy wastewater treatment systems. The pretreatment dairy sludge can be applied in agriculture as fertilizer containing valuable nutrients. Hence, a simple, cost effective, and rapid method for the determination of aluminum content in the sludge is essential for calculation of the appropriate coagulant dose at the sludge pretreatment process. In this paper either colorimetric or atomic absorption spectrometric methods as applied for the determination of aluminum concentration in the dairy wastewater are compared. For colorimetric method, the optimum experimental conditions such as pH, reaction time, and concentration of other ions in the sample were determined. The sorption isotherms of aluminum on the activated sludge were determined for diverse aluminum species.
Highlights
Dairy manufacturing has become one of the fastest growing and most profitable sectors of food industry in Poland
Resulting wet sludge is treated with coagulants or polyelectrolytes in a process known as conditioning to improve its dewatering characteristics. e coagulants such as aluminum sulphate or polyaluminum chloride are commonly used for dairy wastewater treatment systems to enhance sedimentation rate of organic matter. e European Union promotes usage of the sewage sludge in agriculture [3]. e utilization by the thermal treatment i.e., pyrolysis, gasification, or combustion is supported [4]. is concerns aluminum ions because in relatively low concentrations, they may become toxic either to plants or to the aquatic environment
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. e basic methods to determining aluminum content in sewage sludge are instrumental techniques mainly based on atomic absorption spectrometry. e Polish Standard [7] recommends using the flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) for determining the concentration of aluminum in the range from 5 mg·L−1 to 100 mg·L−1. e content of aluminum was analyzed by ermo Elemental SOLAAR S2 Flame AA Spectrometer
Summary
Erefore, a simple, cost effective, and rapid method for the determination of aluminum content in the sludge is essential for calculation of the appropriate coagulant dose at the sludge pretreatment process. It may be useful for controlling the final aluminum level just before the soil fertilization. The basic analytical method being used to determine the concentration of aluminum in industrial wastewater was the colorimetric analysis It is based on the Journal of Chemistry well-recognized ability of aluminum to form colourful complexes with organic compounds such as eriochrome cyanine R (3′′-sulfo-3,3′-dimethyl-4-hydroxyfuchson-5,5′dicarboxylic (ECR)) (Figure 1), catechol violet [5], or aluminon [6]. An important issue a ecting the metals’ determination in complex samples is the interfering e ect of matrix components, especially in highly saline samples, including seawaters, dialysis solutions, or mineralisates. is matrix e ect can be corrected by the careful sample mineralization and the standard addition calibration method. e pH optimization for the signal to noise enhancement is mandatory [9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
