Aluminium (III)-selective PVC membrane sensor based on a Schiff base complex of N,N′-bis (salicylidene)-1, 2-cyclohexanediamine

Abstract

A potentiometric aluminium sensor, based on the use N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine (NBSC) as a neutral carrier, in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix, is reported. Effect of various plasticizers; 2-nitrophenyloctylether ( o-NPOE), tri-n-butyl phosphates (TBP), dioctylpththalate (DOP) & chloronapthalen (CN), and anion excluder, sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) was studied. The best performance was obtained with a membrane composition of PVC: o-NPOE: NBSC: NaTPB ratio (w/w; mg) of 150:150:5:5. The sensor exhibits significantly enhanced selectivity toward Al 3+ ions over the concentration range 1.0 × 10 −8–1.0 × 10 −1 M with a lower detection limit of 5.0 × 10 −9 M and a Nernstian slope of 20.3 ± 0.1 mV decade −1 of activity. Influence of the membrane composition and possible interfering ions was investigated on the response properties of the electrode. Fast and stable response, good reproducibility and long-term stability are demonstrated. The sensor shows response time of <5 s and can be used for about 3 months without any considerable divergence in their potential response. Selectivity coefficients determined by matched potential method (MPM) indicate high selectivity for aluminium (III) ion. The proposed electrode shows fairly good discrimination of aluminium (III) from many metal ions. It was successfully applied for direct determination of aluminium (III) in biological, industrial and environmental samples. The electrode can be used in the pH range of 2.0–9.0 and mixtures containing up to 20% (v/v) non-aqueous content. It was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of aluminium ion vs. EDTA.