Abstract
Dissolution of aluminium halides in polar organic solvents is demonstrated on the AlCl3 and AlBr3 solutions in acetonitrile. The equilibrium constant of the disproportionation reaction 2 AlX3 ⇌ AlX−4 + AlX+2 was determined and showed both salts to behave as strong electrolytes in acetonitrile. Tetrahydrofuran and aromatic hydrocarbons toluene and xylene have been chosen as solvents of low polarity. Electrolyte solution in such solvents can be prepared only by addition of suitable ionization agents to the aluminium halide solution. The reactions occuring in AlCl3 solution in tetrahydrofuran after addition of liCl and LiAlH4 as well as in AlBr3 solution in toluene after addition of KBr were studied conductometrically. Special attention was paid to the role of water depending upon the type of solvent in all studied types of solutions. The study was completed with calometric measurements of the dissolution heats of AlCl3, AlBr3 and AlI3 in tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile reflecting the interaction between the solvent and solute.
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