Alternatives derived from renewable natural fibre to replace conventional polyurethane rigid foam insulation

Abstract

There is an exponential rise in the use of non-biodegradable Rigid Poly Urethane (RPU) foam insulation, creating a significant concern for the environment. Greener alternatives to RPU insulation are underexplored and need the hour to unveil newer dimensions in plant material added insulation research. We have discussed three alternative technologies involving raw material from plant sources and potentially replacing RPU foam. Renewability and greater bio-degradability are the key benefits of these technologies in combating the environment-related challenges offered by 100% RPU Insulation. This review has discussed the resultant changes in the foam developed from plant-based polyol replacing the petroleum-based polyol in terms of physical and morphological properties, also the resultant effect of natural fiber reinforcement of PU matrix on the thermal, tensile, and biodegradable properties. This paper has analyzed natural fiber-based nonwoven fabric composites with excellent insulation properties from the mechanical strength and environmental impact reports. We made a critical comparison between the three technologies. Finally, the paper has identified the scope of future research to validate the claim of suggested alternatives for commercial-scale applications.