Alternative products to control late season diseases in soybeans

Gislaine Gabardo,Henrique Luis Da Silva,Maristella Dalla Pria,Mônica Gabrielle Harms

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20210260

Gislaine Gabardo, Henrique Luis Da Silva + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210260

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: In the last crop seasons, the complex of late season diseases (CLSD) of soybean (Glycine max L. (Merrill)), has been causing considerable reductions in the crop yield. Currently, there are no cultivars resistant to all pathogens that causes CLSD. The present study evaluated the effect of applying the acibenzolar-S-methyl resistance inducer, alternative products and fungicide on the severity of CLSD in the soybean cultivar BMX Potência RR during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crops, in the field. The treatments for the experiments were: 1 - control (water); 2 - acibenzolar-S-methyl; 3 - calcium; 4 - micronutrients: copper, manganese and zinc; 5 - micronutrients: manganese, zinc and molybdenum; 6 - nitrogen-potassium fertilizer; 7 - Ascophyllum nodosum and 8 - azoxystrobin + cyproconazole with the addition of the adjuvant. Four applications of alternative products and two of fungicide were carried out in both harvests. A diagrammatic scale assessed the severity of CLSD at the phenological stage R7.1. The acibenzolar-S-methyl resistance inducer, alternative products (macro and micronutrients) and A. nodosum had no effect on the severity of CLSD in the two harvests. The fungicide (azoxystrobin + cyproconazole) reduced the severity of CLSD and prevented damage to productivity in both experiments.

Highlights

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the most important crops in Brazilian agribusiness (ZDZIARSKI et al, 2019)
Late season leaf diseases in soybean are caused by the fungi Septoria glycines (Hemmi) and Cercospora kikuchii (Matsu. & Tomoyasu) (MARTINS et al, 2004) and are present in all soy producing regions in Brazil
They are considered a “complex of late season diseases” (CLSD) because they occur simultaneously and due to the difficulties they present in individual assessments, causing premature crop defoliation, which can reduce soybean productivity by more than 20% (GODOY & CANTERI, 2004)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the most important crops in Brazilian agribusiness (ZDZIARSKI et al, 2019). It acts mainly in the activation of genes whose expression results in proteins production such as peroxidases, glucanases and chitinases, as well as in the production of phytoalexins and changes in the cell wall by lignification, conferring resistance to the attack of phytopathogens (WRÓBEL-KWIATKOWSKA et al, 2004; DUARTE et al, 2009; DIAS et al, 2019) Other alternative products such as the use of micro and macronutrients and the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum (Linnaeus) Le Jolis are being studied in the control of diseases in soybean (TANDON & DUBEY, 2015; STADNIK & FREITAS, 2014; GABARDO et al, 2020). The present study evaluated the effect of foliar application of acibenzolar-S-methyl, alternative products and fungicide on the severity of CLSD in the field in the cultivar BMX Potência RR, in no-tillage system on straw, in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crops

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION