Abstract
In recent years, it has been observed a significant expansion of the organic market. In this context, the main phytosanitary problem of soybean in the organic system is Asian rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), for which it is difficult to control, considering the restriction of products authorized for use in the organic system and the limitation of research related to this management system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of alternative products on the germination of uredospores, on the severity of soybean rust on detached leaves and the control of the disease under greenhouse and field conditions. The alternative treatments were calcium silicate, lime sulphur, bordeaux mixture, and copper oxychloride. The variables analyzed were uredospores germination, disease severity, defoliation level, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), a thousand grain mass and productivity. The results obtained indicate that there is a possibility of using copper oxychloride to manage the Asian rust in organic production systems. Copper oxychloride had reduced the germination of uredospores and when evaluated under controlled conditions using detached leaves and greenhouse, it had reduced the severity of the disease. In field conditions, copper oxychloride at the doses of 588 and 882 g ha-1 reduced severity and AUDPC, in addition to increasing productivity at 1434 kg ha-1 in relation to the control. It is concluded that copper oxychloride can be used as a tool in the management of Asian rust in organic systems of soy production.
Highlights
New food consumption patterns by the population have been driving the consumption of organic food in recent years.The new standards are based on the concepts of environment preservation and search for a healthy eating
The germination of uredospore’s was affected by the alternative treatments, indicating the potential of some in the Asian soybean rust (ASR) control, with no significant difference between treatments with bordeaux mixture (BM), copper oxychloride (CO) and Azoxystrobin + Benzovindiflupir (AB) (Table 2)
Averages followed by equal letters in the columns, do not differ by Scott Knott's test at 1% probability
Summary
New food consumption patterns by the population have been driving the consumption of organic food in recent years. Syd. Asian soybean rust is the most devastating disease of soybean, the potential of disease damage is related to premature falling of the leaves and crop cycle reduction due to premature tissue death, conditions that have negatively impact in the productivity (Kashiwa, Muraki, Yamanaka, 2020). Asian soybean rust is the most devastating disease of soybean, the potential of disease damage is related to premature falling of the leaves and crop cycle reduction due to premature tissue death, conditions that have negatively impact in the productivity (Kashiwa, Muraki, Yamanaka, 2020) These losses can vary from 10 to 90%, depending on climatic conditions and overall crop management (Yorinori et al, 2005). The importance of the disease increases mainly in crops managed under the organic system, where conventional fungicides are not allowed, condition that limits its control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of alternative products on the germination of uredospore’s, on the severity of soybean rust in detached leaves and disease control under greenhouse and field conditions
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