ALTERNATIVE PARADIGM FOR LOCOMOTION ON THE EXAMPLE OF A HIGH JUMP

Abstract

The modern paradigm for human locomotion is interpreted from the position of changes in muscle length. The research revealed many facts that are difficult to explain exclusively from the point of view of muscle work due to the existence of an alternative locomotion mechanism, which manifests itself in conditions of rapid contact with the support surface. The necessary locomotion mechanism is designed by human evolution, and it operates in the framework of the anatomical structure. The purpose is to identify an alternative locomotion mechanism manifested in the conditions of rapid contact with the support surface in high jumps. Research methods and organization. We used the following research methods: analysis of scientific and instructional literature, testing, and correlation analysis. To assess explosive abilities, we recorded results of standing high jump test and high jump results in the competition season performed by members of the USSR national team. Research results. The analysis of scientific and instructional literature helped us to reveal contradictions in the modern interpretation of the repulsion mechanism in high jumps. Research conducted in the USSR national team (1987-1989) in the framework of comprehensive research team demonstrated absence of correlation between the indicators of explosive abilities and high jump results (r = -0.03). We revealed different locomotion mechanism suggesting the use of "reverse work of tendons". We substantiated an alternative paradigm for the Fosbury Flop high jump based on the support of cytoplasm deforming load, reverse work of tendons, and accumulation of action potential as a result of summation of stimuli by the type of lift reflex. Conclusion. Explosive muscle contraction for training jumping ability is a dead end. Since the cytoplasm acts as a force counteraction factor, there is no need for hypertrophy and anabolism of the muscles.