Abstract
The objective of this work was to identify the most suitable conditions for the evaluation of the germination test in corn seeds through the use of different substrates. Two tests were carried out for the development of the work. In test 1, the hybrid Morgan 30A37 PWV was used in a factorial scheme of 5 substrates with 8 chemical treatments. The seeds were treated industrially with the following insecticides: Inside FS, Inside FS + Maestro FS, Maestro FS, Poncho, Inside FS + BioCoat Corn, Inside FS + Maestro FS + BioCoat Corn and Maestro FS + BioCoat Corn. For test 2, the hybrid used was the FS533 PWV in a factorial scheme of 5 substrates and 5 treatments, in which the seeds received the industrial treatment with the insecticides: Inside FS, Inside FS + Maestro FS, Maestro FS and Poncho. Both tests were submitted to two temperatures (20°C and 25°C) and five substrates (germitest® paper; germitest® paper + sand; germitest® paper + soil; germitest® paper + coal and brown paper). The most suitable substrates for installing the germination test in chemically treated corn seeds were brown pepper and germitest® + charcoal. And the temperature of 20°C is the one that allows the most uniform and rapid development of normal seedlings in the germination test in treated hybrid corn seeds.
Highlights
Over the past few decades, corn has reached the level of the largest agricultural crop in the world, being the only one to have surpassed the 1 billion ton mark, abandoning former competitors, such as rice and wheat
The germination test for corn seeds (Zea mays, L.) standardized in the Seed Analysis Rules (Brasil, 2009) indicates the use of paper roll substrate (RP) or between sand (EA), submitted to constant temperatures of 20°C, 25°C or 30oC and/or alternating temperature of 20-30oC. It was observed for the two corn hybrids tested in the work in general, a variable performance, regarding germination, in different temperatures, substrates and chemical treatment performed
It is observed for the Morgan Hybrid 30A37PW when at a temperature of 25°C (Table 3), that treatment 2, where the TSI was performed with the insecticide Inside FS, from the substrate germitest® shows less germination potential when compared to treatment 4, to which the TSI was performed with the insecticide Maestro FS
Summary
Over the past few decades, corn has reached the level of the largest agricultural crop in the world, being the only one to have surpassed the 1 billion ton mark, abandoning former competitors, such as rice and wheat. The seed for being one of the main inputs of agriculture and its quality is one of the primary factors for the establishment of any crop (Nunes; Menezes; Cargnelutti Filho, 2019), being influenced by different biotic and abiotic factors, such as chemical treatment and storage conditions. To maintain physiological quality, seed treatment has been used as a protection tool both in the field and in storage, being a valuable measure to control and / or prevent the attack of pests and pathogens. The lack of this initial protection can have a direct impact on productivity
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