Abstract
The article highlights the idea of using alternative energy sources and their growing popularity over the past 20 years. The definition of alternative energy is given. Environmental problems are gaining momentum, so alternative energy sources are becoming one of the most important mechanisms for resolving and reducing man’s negative impact on the environment. The negative aspects of electricity production through coal combustion are presented. The level of use of "green" energy in different countries of the world and their plans for further developing this industry are illustrated. Data on the growing interest in renewable energy sources, the increasing level of investment are presented. Scientists warn that fossil resources will be enough for humanity for 50 years. EU countries plan to increase the share of renewable sources in the structure to 50% by 2030 when Ukraine sets the bar at only 13%. The types of energy in Ukraine and their share as of 2020 are presented in a pie chart. The shares of alternative sources are given, and the volumes of “green” energy production capacities by Ukraine regions are compared. The key idea of the European energy market is highlighted - the best electricity that is not produced. The problem of price increase for the final consumer is considered. It was researched and found that foreign investors mostly invest in this industry; components are imported from abroad at reduced rates, due to which the state loses funds that could go to the budget. At the intersection of 2019 and 2020, a record electricity surplus was registered, which forced Ukrenergo to limit traditional generation production. Although in 2017, after the active introduction of alternative energy, prices for final consumers increased by 30%, the cost of electricity in Ukraine remains the lowest in Europe. Conclusions are made on the state of the energy system of Ukraine, possible positive aspects of the use of renewable energy sources for the state. The energy potential of the “green” industry of Ukraine in comparison with some European countries is estimated. An assessment of the prospects of the "green" energy sector in the Ukrainian market has been made.
Highlights
Conclusions are made on the state of the energy system of Ukraine, possible positive aspects of the use of renewable energy sources for the state
The rapid rise in energy prices, the presence of disruptions in their supply, dictated by political problems, demonstrated the weakness of the modern energy system of Ukraine, which is the basis of the socioeconomic development of the state
Alternative energy sources can compensate for the shortcomings of the existing energy system, as the country's energy reserves of solar, water, wind, and biological raw materials are virtually inexhaustible and will contribute to economic growth by reducing energy costs in all sectors
Summary
EU countries plan to increase the share of renewable sources in the structure to 50% by 2030 when Ukraine sets the bar at only 13%. The shares of alternative sources are given, and the volumes of “green” energy production capacities by Ukraine regions are compared. In 2017, after the active introduction of alternative energy, prices for final consumers increased by 30%, the cost of electricity in Ukraine remains the lowest in Europe.
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