Alternations in serum vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and lipid profile levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients of North-West India

Kuldip Singh,Asha Khubchandani,Sarbjot Singh

doi:10.51248/.v41i2.781

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Thirty-two million Indians are suffering with diabetes mellitus worldwide and predicted that this number of diabetes to be increased to 80 million by 2030. Many reports revealed a positive relationship between diabetic patients suffering with 25 (OH) D deficiency. In developing nations like India 60% adults were found showing manifestations of vitamin D deficiency and dyslipidemia, a well-known risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we designed the study to evaluate alterations in vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus along with complete lipid profile levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in North-West Indians.Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and equal number of healthy control subjects of both genders were recruited in the study. 5ml of blood was collected by venipuncture after 12-14 hours fasting in plain and potassium oxalate: sodium fluoride vial. Serum and plasma were separated and used for the determination of 25(OH) D levels, calcium, phosphorus and complete lipid profile levels.Results: A significantly (p < 0.001) high level of glucose was observed in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics subjects while a significant fall (p < 0.001) was recorded in vitamin D levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics in comparison to healthy control subjects. The nominal changes were seen in calcium and phosphorus levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics with respect to healthy control subjects. Statistically significant increase was found in total cholesterol (p < 0.05), triglyceride (p < 0.001) and VLDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001) levels while no significant changes was observed in LDL- cholesterol and HDL- cholesterol levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics with respect to healthy subjects.Conclusion: Aforementioned observations suggested that a significant decrease in vitamin D levels was associated with increased glucose and lipid levels like total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol levels could be responsible for the initiation of various diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis etc. Hence, new interventions should be included as a part of treatment to reduce the risk of type-2 diabetics and CVDs like atherosclerosis

Highlights

Introduction and AimThirty-two million Indians are suffering with diabetes mellitus worldwide and predicted that this number of diabetes to be increased to 80 million by 2030
Aforementioned observations suggested that a significant decrease in vitamin D levels was associated with increased glucose and lipid levels like total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol levels could be responsible for the initiation of various diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis etc
A significant (p < 0.001) increase in plasma glucose levels was recorded in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with respect to healthy control subjects while insignificant changes were seen in serum calcium and serum phosphorus (Table2)

Summary

Introduction

Thirty-two million Indians are suffering with diabetes mellitus worldwide and predicted that this number of diabetes to be increased to 80 million by 2030. Many reports revealed a positive relationship between diabetic patients suffering with 25 (OH) D deficiency. In India, 32 million peoples are suffering with diabetes, currently has the highest incidence of diabetes worldwide and predicted that this number is predicted to increase to 80 million by the year 2030 [3]. There are many reports, which indicated that vitamin D deficiency alters insulin synthesis and secretion in both humans &animal models may predispose to glucose intolerance and cause type 2 diabetes mellitus [4, 5, 6]. Deficiency of vitamin D could result in the initiation of chronic diseases like Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases [8]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion