Abstract
International Maritime Organisation has changed the emission rates in the MARPOL Annex VI rules as of 2020 and reduced the sulfur rate from 3.5 percent to 0.5 percent and led the maritime sector to alternative fuels. Compared to other alternative fuels, liquefied natural gas (LNG) is an attractive option with almost zero emission rate, ease of access, availability of ports that currently supply LNG and low price in the fuel market. In addition, according to the life cycle assessment, which is a methodology created by ISO 14040: 2006 to examine the impact of a product on the environment, in order for a fuel to be environmentally sustainable, it has to be associated not only with low emissions during fuel combustion, but also with the entire fuel life cycle, starting with raw material extraction, fuel production, distribution and finally combustion. The life cycle environmental performance of LNG as a marine fuel has been observed to have its impact on climate change in the range of 20% to 5%, significantly reducing SO2 and NOX emissions compared to heavy fuel oil. LNG bunkering is specified in the IGC code. In addition, there are standards brought by class organizations. This study shows us how to avert from the risk of LNG leakage accident. For this reason, risk analysis should be done correctly, ISM checklists should be created and applied on ships accordingly.
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