Abstract
The interest in the biological alternating anoxic/oxic reactors to upgrade existing wastewater treatment plants has been recently renewed, thanks to the use of reliable automatic control systems. To discuss the treatment capabilities of the alternating systems, with particular relation to the municipal WWTPs’ upgrading, this study exploits the experience gained in this field through numerous years of R&D. At first a pilot plant study and then a full scale alternating plant were used to supply experimental data that support the final schematic of methodology. The pilot experimentation was based in the real loading conditions of the italian municipal WWTPs. Real municipal sewage was used to feed the plant in six steady-state periods, applying nitrogen loading rates ranging from 0.03 to 0.1 kg N m−3 d−1. Major problems with the nitrogen removal performances occurred in the case of overaeration of the activated sludge tank, corresponding to influent low-loaded wastewater. The experimental durations per day of...
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