Abstract
A field study was carried for two consecutive kharif and rabi seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15 on farmer’s fields across 15 locations each year during kharif and 9 locations each year - during rabi in Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh. We tested five crop establishment methods viz., dry direct sowing using fertilizer-cum seed drill under irrigated conditions, drum seeding, systems of rice intensification (SRI), mechanized transplanting using rice 8 row yanmar transplanter, and manual transplanting. Study findings revealed that transplanting with rice planter emerged as high yielding method of establishment where the grain yield was higher by 9.21% over manual transplanting. Dry direct sowing was found to be highly profitable method of rice establishment by recording higher net returns Rs. 12596/ha compared to manual planting. Dry direct sowing and SRI proved as water productive rice establishment methods which took lesser water by 22.45% and 18.78% compared to manual transplanting during kharif. Whereas during rabi, drum seeding proved as profitable and water saving method of crop establishment in rice.
Highlights
Rice is the prime crop and considered as life and become sentiment for majority of the farmers in India, cultivated over[44] million hectares with 109 million tonnes1of annual production.Though, India ranked 1st in area and 2nd in production, struggling tohave not able productivity among rice growing countries
Methods of rice Establishment during Kharif Perusal of the two years pooled data pertaining to kharif season revealed that, the maximum number of tillers/m2 were recorded with drum seeding, whereas more number of panicles were realized in dry direct sown rice
Methods of Rice Establishment During Rabi Pooled data of two years study during rabi showed that, maximum tillers as well as panicles were recorded with drum seeding, whereas number of filled spikelets per panicle was higher with normal planting.There was no measurable difference between drum seeding and transplanting with regards to grain yieldand straw yield
Summary
Rice is the prime crop and considered as life and become sentiment for majority of the farmers in India, cultivated over[44] million hectares with 109 million tonnes1of annual production.Though, India ranked 1st in area and 2nd in production, struggling tohave not able productivity among rice growing countries. Rice is the indispensable crop for coastal Andhra. More than 50% of cultivated area during kharif, in north coastal A.P. occupied by rice which is grown in about 4.2 lakh hectares and 2.2 t/ha1of productivity, this is lesser than state and country average is the major concern to the farm fraternity. Late release of canal water, poor soil fertility, abiotic stress drought during early growth period and RAO et al, Curr.
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