Abstract
Altered immune status of blood leukocytes is a general phenomenon observed in adult patients with sepsis or septic shock. This is also the case in children with septic shock for both T helper 1 and T helper 2 lymphocytes, as demonstrated by their reduced ex vivo cytokine production upon activation by phytohemagglutinin.
Highlights
Altered immune status of blood leukocytes is a general phenomenon observed in adult patients with sepsis or septic shock
The authors report that the mortality was only 9%, a value far below that regularly reported for adults with septic shock [3]
The levels of plasma cytokines found by the authors appear lower than those usually reported in adult patients with septic shock. Another very interesting observation is that all PHA-induced cytokines were reduced in children with septic shock and persistent or nosocomial infection, independent of whether they were classified as T helper (Th)1 (IFNγ, IL-2) or Th2 (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines
Summary
Altered immune status of blood leukocytes is a general phenomenon observed in adult patients with sepsis or septic shock. This is probably the first study establishing that in children, as in adults, the immune status of circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes is altered in terms of cytokine production. The early demonstration of an altered T-cell response in adult patients with sepsis was reported in 1977, when a significant reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity to recall antigens was observed [2].
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