Altered hyaluronic acid content in tear fluid of patients with adenoviral conjunctivitis.

Juliana L Dreyfuss,Bruno Coelho,Helena B Nader,José B Barbosa,Caio V Regatieri,João R Martins,Denise De Freitas

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201520140122

Juliana L Dreyfuss, Bruno Coelho + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140122

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Abstract

The adenoviral conjunctivitis is one of the biggest causes of conjunctival infection in the world. Conjunctivitis causes relatively nonspecific symptoms, as hyperaemia and chemosis. Even after biomicroscopy, complex laboratory tests, such as viral culture, are necessary to identify the pathogen or its etiology. To contribute to the better understanding of the pathobiology of the adenoviral conjunctivitis, the tear fluids of patients with unilateral acute adenovirus conjunctivitis (UAAC), normal donors (control) and patients with allergic conjunctivitis were analyzed. Tear samples were collected with Schirmer strips from control, allergic conjunctivitis and UAAC patients, diagnosed by clinical signs. UAAC tears were tested positive in viral cultures. After the elution, HA was quantified using an ELISA-like fluorometric assay and the protein profile was determined by SDS-PAGE. A profound increase in the HA tear content in UAAC patients was found when compared to control and ALC. This HA increase in UAAC tears remarkably was not observed in tears from contralateral eyes without clinical signs, nor in allergic conjunctivitis. In addition a distinct profile of UAAC tear proteins was observed in patients with UAAC. The quantification of HA in the tear fluid is a rapid, sensitive and specific test. This molecule might be a biomarker candidate for acute conjunctivitis.

Highlights

The adenovirus conjunctivitis is one of the most common conjunctival infection
Hyaluronic acid (HA) content in tears from contralateral eyes did not differ (P> 0.05) from tears from normal donors or from tears from patients affected by allergic conjunctivitis
No differences were found in the protein content of secretory IgA (sIgA)-light chain among unilateral acute adenovirus conjunctivitis (UAAC), contralateral eyes (CLE) and allergic conjunctivitis (ALC)

Summary

Introduction

The adenovirus conjunctivitis is one of the most common conjunctival infection. Normally it does notA healthy ocular surface requires a functional tear film. The adenovirus conjunctivitis is one of the most common conjunctival infection. HA is increased in the tear fluid when corneal epithelium erosion is present, and may play an important role in corneal epithelium wound healing (Oya et al 1995, Miyauchi et al 1996). Tear fluid consistency (gel-like) can be attributed to HA (Itano et al 1999). Another important characteristic of this GAG is its chemical structure that can attract ions and water due to a negative charge density (Frescura et al 1994, Yoshida et al 1996)

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