Alterations of Tooth Eruption and Growth in Pups Suckling from Diabetic Dams

Abstract

Several studies have confirmed a decrease in the quality and quantity of milk of mothers with diabetes during lactation. However, it remains unclear how maternal diabetes affects the offspring specifically during lactation. The aim of this study was to evaluate body and mandibular growth and tooth eruption in pups suckling from diabetic dams. The study was performed on 13 Wistar rat pups that were born to dams that were subjected to experimental diabetes on the day of parturition. Body weight and body size were recorded regularly throughout the study. The experimental pups and a group of eight age-matched pups suckling from nondiabetic dams were killed at weaning. Both hemimandibles were excised and fixed. Right hemimandibles were radiographed to assess mandibular growth and tooth eruption. The left hemimandibles were processed to obtain buccolingually oriented sections at the level of the first mesial root of the first lower molar. Histologic and histomorphometric studies were performed. Results showed that body weight and body size were significantly lower in experimental animals at weaning compared with their age-matched controls. Smaller mandible size and reduced tooth eruption in experimental animals compared with controls were observed. The length, width, and bone volume of the developing alveolus were reduced in experimental animals compared with controls. The results obtained in this study allow the conclusion that suckling from diabetic dams results in reduced body, mandible size, and tooth eruption of the pups at weaning.