Alterations in the phenotype of cells of innate immunity in patients with polytrauma in the dynamics of the use of vaccine to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of multivalent vaccines for the prevention and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the phenotype of innate immune cells in patients with polytrauma. There were observed 60 patients with verified diagnosis ofpolytrauma. The subjects were divided into 2 subgroups by means of the simple randomization method: the patients treated with the traditional scheme and cases who additionally received the vaccine «Pseudovac». Investigation of the phenotypic composition of innate immunity cells were performed by flow cytometry on admission to hospital, on the 10th and 20th day of hospitalization. In patients with polytrauma who additionally received the vaccine «Pseudovac» in the blood there was increased the number of monocytes with CD14hiCD16+ phenotype and HLA-DR+-monocytes level retained. The number of NKT-cells (involved in immunoregulatory processes) in patients with polytrauma increased after the vaccine treatment, whereas the content of total NK-cells reduced, but while a high level of cytokine-producing cell fraction maintained. The use of the vaccine «Pseudovac» permits to compensate immunodeficiency that occurs in polytrauma due to the formation of adaptive immunity against one of the most common infections and the activation of innate immunity.