Abstract
Introduction: Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 have an important function in the maintenance of the immune homeostasis. PD-1 as the inhibitory checkpoint controls damage of the healthy tissues during infection and promotes self-tolerance. High PD-1 expression on the surface of T cells changes its ability to eliminate of cancer and infectious disease. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is a premalignant transformation associated with infection with oncogenic types of HPV human papillomavirus, which is a direct precursor to cervical cancer. The relationship of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway to the development of CIN has not yet been established.
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