Alteration of Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Oral Sensitized C3H/HeJ Mice Is Associated With Changes in Dendritic Cells and T Cells in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes.

Cui Zhou,Ling-Ling Chen,Rong Xiao,Rui-Qi Lu,Wei-Wei Ma

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.631494

Cui Zhou, Ling-Ling Chen + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.631494

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Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the allergic reaction of C3H/HeJ mice after sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) without any adjuvant and to analyze the association between intestinal microbiota and allergy-related immune cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The allergic responses of C3H/HeJ mice orally sensitized with OVA were evaluated, and immune cell subsets in spleen and MLN and cytokines were also detected. The intestinal bacterial community structure was analyzed, followed by Spearman correlation analysis between changed gut microbiota species and allergic parameters. Sensitization induced a noticeable allergic response to the gavage of OVA without adjuvant. Increased levels of Th2, IL-4, CD103+CD86+ DC, and MHCII+CD86+ DC and decreased levels of Th1, Treg, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, and CD11C+CD103+ DC were observed in allergic mice. Furthermore, families of Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae_1, Ruminococcaceae, and peprostreptococcaceae, all of which belonging to the order Clostridiales, were positively related to Treg and CD11C+CD103+ DC, while they were negatively related to an allergic reaction, levels of Th2, CD103+CD86+ DC, and MHCII+CD86+ DC in MLN. The family of norank_o_Mollicutes_RF39 belonging to the order Mollicutes_RF39 was similarly correlated with allergic reaction and immune cells in MLN of mice. To sum up, allergic reactions and intestinal flora disturbances could be induced by OVA oral administration alone. The orders of Clostridiales and Mollicutes_RF39 in intestinal flora are positively correlated with levels of Treg and CD11C+CD103+ DC in MLN of mice.

Highlights

It is undisputed that food allergy (FA) has become one of the most important public health problems due to its remarkably increased prevalence worldwide in recent years [1]
The concentrations of specific IgE (sIgE), IgG1, and IgG2a in the sera of mice were measured and the ratio of IgG1/IgG2a was calculated to estimate their allergic reaction to OVA through oral administration
Genera positively relating to Th2 subsets in mesenteric lymph node (MLN) were included in order Bacteroidales, class Bacteroidia, and phylum Bacteroidetes. These results demonstrated that the gut microbiota community, especially families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae_1, and norank_o_Mollicutes_RF39 play a critical role during the inhibition of food allergy, while the species belonging to families Rikenellaceae and Tannerellaceae prompted the development of food allergy

Summary

Introduction

It is undisputed that food allergy (FA) has become one of the most important public health problems due to its remarkably increased prevalence worldwide in recent years [1]. In the USA, the reported prevalence of food allergies was 7.6% in children [2] and 10.8% in adults [3]. As antigen-presenting cells (APCs), dendritic cells (DCs) in local immune tissue [peyer’s patch, mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and so on] [5] and peripheral immune organs (e.g., spleen) [6] play pivotal roles in the induction of tolerance and food allergy [7]. It has been demonstrated that CD103+ DCs in MLN can promote the development of T regulatory cells (Tregs) [5], which can suppress Th2 response, preventing FA and maintaining tolerance [8, 9]. The association among DCs, Tregs, and Th2 will influence the dynamic balance between T-helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells in food allergic conditions

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