Abstract
ABSTRACTThe neurophysiological basis of social ranking perception underlying the execution of cooperative joint-actions was explored in the present study. Self-perception of social ranking, personality trait (Behavioral Activation System (BAS) and locus of control (LoC)) and alpha brain oscillations were considered. Subjects were required to match their cognitive performance in terms of accuracy (error rate) and response time. A positive feedback condition of a better joint-performance was provided and compared to absence of feedback. It was found that higher BAS participants and higher internal LoC responded in greater measure to post-feedback condition with better real performance probably based on their sensitivity to rewarding for high-BAS and the increased sense of self-efficacy. Moreover, higher-BAS showed an increased frontal left activity when they perceived increased cooperative efficacy. The present results confirmed the tendency to modulate both self-perceived social position and real performance based on the personal attitudes and the frontal.
Highlights
In the recent years, neuroscience begun to explore how the brain represents social hierarchies and social status (Freeman et al 2009)
Dorsal (DLPFC) and ventral (VLPFC) portions of lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) – brain regions typically associated with regulating socioemotional responses and behavioral inhibition – are recruited during social status inference (Chiao et al 2009; Balconi and Pagani 2014, 2015; Balconi and Vanutelli 2016)
Systematic significant differences were found between t0 vs. t2, for both behavioral and neurophysiological measures, but not for the comparison between t0 vs. t1. These results support the specificity of feedback effect compared to absence of feedback for the cooperative task
Summary
In the recent years, neuroscience begun to explore how the brain represents social hierarchies and social status (Freeman et al 2009). Previous research suggested an important role for social interactions and social self-perception in achieving accurate self-knowledge and self-improvement, in response to performance-related social comparisons and to social status in the context of performancebased feedback (Munafò et al 2005). This direct comparison between subjects on a specific task may or may not improve our rank perception and social status representation in term of efficacy, taking into account the existing inter-personal condition. The engagement of DLPFC and VLPFC regions during the observation of social interactions and social status implications probably reflects recruitment of brain regions that can exert top-down control over specific processes, such as emotional responses to social hierarchy, to orchestrate a socially appropriate status response (Marsh et al 2009)
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