Alpha/beta indices determination in drinking water using plastic scintillation and evaporation to dryness

Abstract

Alpha/beta indices are screening parameters that provide a quick approach to the determination of the radioactivity levels of water samples. These indices have commonly been determined by methods involving measurement by proportional counter or liquid scintillation (LS) techniques. However, both of these types of techniques present some limitations. Plastic scintillation (PS) is an alternative technique that does not generate mixed wastes and also provides a solid surface onto which the sample can be evaporated. The objective of this study is to evaluate a new procedure for the determination of alpha/beta indices using PS microspheres and evaporation to dryness. For this purpose, the capabilities of this technique were first compared with those of LS and PS in solution. Various parameters were then optimised: the diameter of the microspheres, the discrimination values and the evaporation system. Next, the calibration procedure was established, and finally, the procedure was validated with the analysis of spiked water samples. The results show that this technique can be applied for alpha/beta indices determination with a simple procedure, high detection efficiency and acceptable uncertainties.