Alpha band neurofeedback training based on a portable device improves working memory performance of young people

Abstract

BackgroundWorking Memory (WM) plays a key role in cognitive activities such as problem solving, intellectual reasoning, and mathematical calculation. It has been reported that electroencephalogram (EEG) based Neurofeedback (NF) training shows good application value in improving subjects’ WM. ObjectivesIn this study, a low-cost and portable Neurofeedback Training (NFT) system based on a real-time EEG brain-computer interface (BCI) was built to explore whether the NFT based on alpha band can effectively regulate subjects’ WM level. MethodsThere were 16 healthy young subjects in total, recruited and randomly divided into the NFT group and the control group. Compared to the control group, the NFT group received a total of 8 NFT sessions, in which the subjects combined with the designed game feedback interface to realize the regulation of alpha band. Then, the relevant EEG data, the pre-test and post-test scores in the process of NF training were collected for EEG spectrum analysis and paired T-test respectively. ResultsThe study found that after a period of training, the alpha band power of prefrontal cortex and occipital cortex in the NFT group was significantly enhanced, and the activity power of beta and gamma band was significantly higher than that in other regions, and the WM error rate of this group was obviously lower than that of the control group (P < 0.001). ConclusionOur study has demonstrated that the alpha band NFT system based on portable devices can improve the subjects' WM ability to a certain extent.