Abstract
Background: Aloe barbadensis Miller, also known as Aloe vera is a well-known phytotherapeutic, and parts of its leaves are used for a wide range of medicinal purposes. This study seeks to assess the in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of leaf exudate (LE) from A. barbadensis leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and MAC-T bovine mammary epithelial cells. Methods: Seasonal LE samples were collected, and the effect on total phenolic and aloin contents was determined. Antimicrobial activity of LE was evaluated using the broth microdilution method, and toxicity to MAC-T cells was determined by MTT assay. Results: Samples collected during different seasons of the year showed a seasonal effect on the chemical profile of LE (P<0.05). However, despite these chemical variations, we found no differences in antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. For all studied samples, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 1,000 µg/mL. Furthermore, we found an elevated cytotoxic effect of LE on MAC-T cells with a significant reduction in cellular viability at 7.8 µg/mL (P<0.05) and an IC50 of 91.89 µg/mL. Conclusions: Despite the antimicrobial effects of LE, the high toxicity for MAC-T cells suggests that it is unsuitable for intramammary use, but does have potential as a topical antimicrobial.
Highlights
Bovine mastitis, which is characterized by inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most frequent infection found in dairy herds worldwide[1]
Sampling and extraction of leaf exudate A total of 30 plant samples were collected from 3-year-old Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) at random from a commercial grower (Naturama Sucos Integrais do Brasil Ltda®; Paulo Lopes, SC, Brazil) in March, June, September and December of 2015, and one leaf was taken from the mid-position of each plant
Leaf exudate chemical profile The total phenolic and aloin content of leaf exudate (LE) from the aloe vera leaves varied based on the season during which the samples were collected
Summary
Bovine mastitis, which is characterized by inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most frequent infection found in dairy herds worldwide[1]. Control of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, the principal etiological agent of bovine mastitis[2], is very difficult. This study seeks to assess the in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of leaf exudate (LE) from A. barbadensis leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and MAC-T bovine mammary epithelial cells. Antimicrobial activity of LE was evaluated using the broth microdilution method, and toxicity to MAC-T cells was determined by MTT assay. Results: Samples collected during different seasons of the year showed a seasonal effect on the chemical profile of LE (P
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