Abstract
The morphological properties of floodplains and their morphological classification are shown from the generalization of long-term studies. A detailed description of alluvial processes is given, and stages of alluvial soil formation are characterized. Zonal-geographic, hydro-geomorphologic, evolutionary, and geomorphologic-genetic regularities in soil geography are found. The properties of alluvial soils under sharply contrasting climatic conditions, e.g., humid and arid, are considered. The high biogenic ability of soils and intensity of the soil-forming process in floodplains are proved. Data characterizing the structure and properties of floodplain soils in particular river valleys and the main micromorphological diagnostic features of alluvial soils are given.
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