Abstract
To investigate the effects of alloxan diabetes on the abdominal wall healing of rats undergoing laparotomy. Ninety-six male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 300 grams, divided into two groups: non-diabetic group (G1) and another with untreated diabetes (G2). Three months after diabetes induction, the animals underwent a 5cm-long- laparotomy and 5.0 nylon monofilament suture. After the surgery, 12 animals from each group were euthanized on days 4, 14, 21 and 30 corresponding to the moments M1, M2, M3 and M4. In each moment a fragment of the abdominal wall containing the scar was removed for tensile strength measurement, histological and morphometric study. Clinical and biochemical parameters were also analyzed. G2 animals showed parameters compatible with severe diabetes and decreased plasma levels of insulin. The tensile strength in G2 was significantly smaller in M2 and M4, with a tendency to fall in the other two. Through light microscope, diabetic animals showed more difficulty to increase collagen density and contraction. G2 animals showed high cellularity of fibroblasts in later healing moments, with collagen thinning in M2 and M4. The abdominal wound healing in untreated diabetic animals was altered and led to a higher incidence of dehiscence and infections.
Highlights
MethodsDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health problem worldwide
With bases in a matrix calculation organized by the Diabetes Brazilian Society[3], and taking as reference the latest census conducted by the IBGE, in 2010, it is possible to estimate that 6.7% of the Brazilian population is diabetic, the equivalent to 12.7 million people, of whom 10% are carriers of type 1 diabetes and an estimated 50% are unaware of their ill condition, possibly being identified in the future, through a chronic complication of the disease
The animals of group G2 that received alloxan, showed clinical and laboratory parameters compatible with severe diabetes, characterized by fasting glucose greater than 300 mg / dl, glycosuria equal or superior to 3 + and low plasma insulin levels when compared to non-diabetic control group (G1)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health problem worldwide. Data from the American Diabetes Association, 2011, estimated that there are 25.8 million diabetics in the U.S, with the occurrence of 1.9 million new cases in 2010, with a total annual cost to the health system in that country of 174 billion dollars in 20071. This study aimed to analyse the effects of diabetes mellitus on the abdominal wall of rats by analyzing the tensile strength, morphometry and histology. The material was analyzed with light microscope and the density of collagen, fibroblast cellularity, extent of fibrosis, reparative phenomena, mitosis and nucleoli were observed at different times. It was considered high cellularity of fibroblasts when more than 70 fibroblasts per high power field (x40 microscope Olympus BL50) were observed; moderate cellularity when there were 20 to 70 fibroblasts per field and little cellularity when less than 20 fibroblasts per field were observed. The variables which accepted normality, such as A and B measures and tensile strength, were statistically analyzed with the Shapiro Wilk Test
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