Allometric and ontogenetic larval development of common barbel during rearing under optimal conditions

Abstract

The rearing of finfish larvae is a key element in their further culture. Improper breeding protocols may result in high mortality rates, body deformation and growth rate decreases in both the larval and fattening periods. These errors can be avoided by thorough exploration of various aspects of early larvae biology, at least in model fish species. In this study, anatomical and morphological developments were analysed using allometric growth patterns of common barbel, Barbus barbus, larvae reared under optimal controlled conditions. Larvae of common barbel, which is a model species for fish of the genus Barbus, were reared for 30 days at 25 °C in the recirculated aquaculture system (RAS). Four periods of the barbel larval development were identified: pre-flexion (0–5 days post hatching – DPH; total length – TL: 9.5 ± 0.3 to 12.3 ± 0.3 mm), flexion (6–11 DPH; TL 12.4 ± 0.3–15.4 ± 0.3 mm), post-flexion (12–21 DPH; TL 16.1 ± 0.5–21.2 ± 0.8 mm) and juvenile (from 22 DPH; TL from 21.4 ± 1.7 mm). The largest changes in barbel growth were observed during the first two periods of their life (pre-flexion and flexion), which resulted in the frequency of noted flexion points (64.3% flexion points) and was also associated with intensive morphometric growth, primarily the head and tail parts of the body. Despite a low degree of growth progress upon hatching (e.g. no eye pigment, no distinct liver or pancreas, no unobstructed alimentary tract), barbel larvae pass through the larval periods very quickly in comparison to other cyprinids and enter the juvenile period (22 days).