Alloimmunisation in sickle cell patients of western Odisha: A tertiary care centre study

Yespal Sharma,Chitta Ranjan  Prasad,Susmita Behera

doi:10.18231/j.pjms.2021.057

Abstract

RBC carries numerous protein and carbohydrate antigens on their surface. Out of 347 red cell antigens recognized by international society of blood Transfusion, 308 antigens are clustered in 36 blood Group systems. Except naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B antibodies all others are unexpected. Out of these some like Duffy, Kell, Kidd, MNS, P and certain Rh types are considered clinically significant. Only few studies for prevalence of irregular red cell alloantibody have been done. Those studies were done either in general population or in thalassemia patients. Few studies were done on sickle cell disease patients but all are outside India and those are significant. But no studies have been done till now on prevalence of alloantibody in sickle cell disease patients in India. Again the western part of Odisha is with high patient load of sickle cell disease. This study is very useful for this part of Odisha as complication due to the alloantibody can be managed properly. Both the patients and the clinician will be benefited by this study.

Highlights

Sickle cell disease is a hereditary haemoglobinopathy, characterised by chronic anaemia, recurrent painful episodes and irreversible organ damage
The first reports on alloimmunization date from the 17th century describing hydropic stillborns. This disease, today known as hemolytic disease of the fetus or newborn (HDFN), is caused by
The study was conducted on the Sickle cell disease patients coming for red cell transfusion to Blood bank, VSSIMSAR, Burla

Summary

Introduction

Sickle cell disease is a hereditary haemoglobinopathy, characterised by chronic anaemia, recurrent painful episodes and irreversible organ damage. Transfusion of red cells is a common intervention to treat and prevent the complication. Patients with sickle cell disease have high risk of alloantibody formation. Alloantibody may cause haemolytic transfusion reaction (acute or delayed) or decrease in the survival of transfused RBCs. Red blood cell alloimmunization results from the genetic red blood cell antigen disparity between donor and recipient or from mother and fetus. The first reports on alloimmunization date from the 17th century describing hydropic stillborns. This disease, today known as hemolytic disease of the fetus or newborn (HDFN), is caused by immune IgG antibodies from the mother directed against the red blood cells of the fetus

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion