Allocation of Storage Yards in Management Plans in the Amazon by Means of Mathematical Programming

Evandro Ferreira Da Silva,Evandro Orfanó Figueiredo,José Macedo Pezzopane,Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto Torres,Daniel Breda Binoti,Adriano Ribeiro De Mendonça,Gilson Da Silva

doi:10.3390/f9030127

Evandro Ferreira Da Silva, Evandro Orfanó Figueiredo + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/f9030127

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Abstract

The present study aimed to optimize the location of wood storage yards in forest management for the production of wood in the Brazilian Amazon. The area of forest management studied was 638.17 ha, with 1478 trees selected for harvest with a diameter at breast height of at least 50 cm in accordance with Brazilian legislation. Taking the topography into account—permanent preservation areas, restricted areas, and remaining trees—and using GIS tools, 7896 sites were identified that could be used as wood storage yards. By using mathematical programming techniques, more specifically binary integer linear programming, and based on the classical p-median model, optimal locations for the opening of yards were defined. Four scenarios were proposed combining distance and volume constraints. The scenarios evaluated promoted reductions in infrastructure investment compared with traditional planning. The results showed reductions in the number of forest roads (–6.33%) and trails to extract logs (–15.49%) when compared to traditional planning. The best performing scenario was that with the maximum volume restriction. It was concluded that the application of mathematical programming was able to promote significant gains in the harvest planning of native forests of the Amazon with the potential to reduce environmental damage.

Highlights

Native tropical forests represent approximately 10% of the existing land surface [1], and about96% of the tree species [2]
In light of the the above discussion, the objective of this study is to determine the optimal location of wood storage above discussion, the objective of this study is to determine the optimal location of wood storage yards,yards, under the the sustainable forest management (SFM), in in native forest wherethere thereis is road infrastructure under
Based on the results presented in this table, it should be noted that, in view of the statistics total distance (TD), average maximum distances (AMD), and average of the distances (AD), the statistics were selected to support a direct comparison between the scenarios by means of absolute values; Scenario 1 achieved better performance, followed by Scenarios 3, 4, and 2

Summary

Introduction

Native tropical forests represent approximately 10% of the existing land surface [1], and about96% of the tree species [2]. The Brazilian Government has regulated the use of natural resources in the Brazilian Amazon [4]. To meet these regulations, one of the main tools for the rational use of forests is called sustainable forest management (SFM). In the case of the Amazon, the main objective of SFM is to facilitate the exploitation of renewable forest resources, in particular wood, based on the reduction of waste and the impact on the remaining forest, as well as to ensure greater safety for workers [8] and maintenance of the ecosystem [9].

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