Allocation of steady-state areas of total electrical load schedules of 10/0.4 kv transformer substations located in residential areas

Abstract

Improving the efficiency of regulating the parameters of distribution network modes is an actual task for the energy sector, requiring a detailed analysis of the nature of the total electrical load graphs of 10/0.4 kV transformer substations. The complexity of the problem in consideration is due to the fact that the load variation of transformer substations 10/0.4 kV in residential areas occurs randomly, due to the significant number, wide range and probabilistic nature of the operating modes of connected consumers, and the lack of deterministic links between consumers of electricity. The investigated function of total load of transformer substations 10/0.4 kV on a daily interval is non-stationary, in this connection there was a necessity of allocation of stationarity areas for adjusting the process of regulation of parameters of electrical network modes. In order to solve this problem, total load graphs for 10/0.4 kV transformer substations located in a residential area were constructed based on experimental measurements of active and reactive loads. The use of these dependencies made it possible to analyse the distribution law for the active and reactive power of the total load of 10/0.4 kV transformer substations, which change in time is stochastic characterised. The use of probabilistic-statistical modelling was justified to reliably describe the load variation process of 10/0.4 kV transformer substations. The hypothesis of a normal law distribution of the functions under consideration was confirmed and parametric tests were performed. Fisher's F-criterion was used to confirm the hypothesis of variance constancy, and Student's t-criterion was used to confirm the hypothesis of mathematical expectation constancy. Using the fact of constancy of dispersions and expectations of investigated mode parameters, autocorrelation coefficients of investigated random functions were determined and autocorrelation function graphs were plotted. In order to approximate the functions under investigation, the autocorrelation function coefficients were determined using the least-squares method, and an analysis of the attenuation of the autocorrelation function was carried out. The calculations carried out have highlighted the areas of stationarity on the total load curves of the 10/0.4 kV transformer substations. These stationarity plots can be used for further modelling of load graphs and the formation of control actions to adjust the load of consumer regulators in order to equalise the overall electrical load graph, as well as for voltage regulation facilities, which will contribute to the required modes of operation of the electricity distribution networks.