Alleviation of Everzol Red LFB Toxicity in Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) by Exogenous Salicylic Acid

Gülçin Beker Akbulut,Emel Yi̇ği̇t,Duygu Özhan Turhan

doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.683962

Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) has an important function in the formation of induced systemic resistance. The aim of this study was to determine effects of exogenous application of 0.5 mM SA on the stress response in duckweed (Lemna minor L.) exposed to the reactive dyestuff Everzol Red LFB (ER LFB). Phytotoxic responses induced by exposure to both ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm and 300 ppm) and 0.5 mM SA+ ER LFB (75 ppm, 150 ppm and 300 ppm) applications were comparatively examined at 1st, 4th, and 7th days. The lowest chlorophyll a (Chl-a), chlorophyll b (Chl-b), and total chlorophyll (total Chl) contents were found in the 300 ppm ER LFB groups. The carotenoid (Car) content was decreased compared to control groups. The highest total glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (POD) activities were found after 0.5 mM SA + 300 ppm ER LFB groups at 7th day. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity was reduced at 7th day. The level of lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased generally both ER LFB and SA+ER LFB groups compared to control groups. Results suggest that SA plays a positive role in L. minor against ER LFB.

Highlights

Aromatic compounds produced via chemical synthesis, termed as synthetic dyes (Kant, 2012)
We aim to evaluate if the toxic effects showed on L. minor by Everzol Red LFB (ER LFB) can be regulated by pre-treatment with 0.5 mM Salicylic acid (SA)
In 0.5 mM SA+ 75 ppm ER LFB group at 7th day, chlorophyll a (Chl-a) content was found to be higher than SA control group

Summary

Introduction

Aromatic compounds produced via chemical synthesis, termed as synthetic dyes (Kant, 2012). These dyes are widely used in textile, food, cosmetic, plastic and pharmaceutical industries (Kagalkar et al, 2010; Lin et al, 2011). The resulting compounds may have a toxic effect on the aquatic environment (Carmen and Daniela, 2012). The use of plants for removal of polluted environments has attracted much attention (Vafaei et al, 2013; Tagun and Boxall, 2018). Because of its small size, simple structure, morphology, rapid growth rate, short life span and sensitivity to environmental pollutants, it is widely used in ecotoxicological studies (Balen et al, 2011; Lu et al, 2016)

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