Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-related disease, which can occur through the dysfunction of the immune system caused by the imbalance of gut microbiota. Previous studies have reported the beneficial effects of Bifidobacterium on colitis, while the related mechanisms behind these effects have not been fully elucidated. The aim of our study is to investigate the alleviation effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis XLTG11 (B. lactis) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and its potential mechanism. The results showed that B. lactis XLTG11 significantly decreased weight loss, disease activity index score, colon shortening, myeloperoxide activity, spleen weight, and colon tissue damage. Additionally, B. lactis XLTG11 significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine. Meanwhile, high doses of B. lactis XLTG11 significantly up-regulated the expression of tight junction proteins and inhibited activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Furthermore, B. lactis XLTG11 increased the gut microbiota diversity and modulated gut microbiota composition caused by DSS. Moreover, Spearman’s correlation analysis also found that several specific gut microbiota were significantly correlated with colitis-related indicators. These results demonstrated that B. lactis XLTG11 can alleviate DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting the activation of the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, regulating inflammatory cytokines, improving intestinal barrier function, and modulating the gut microbiota.
Highlights
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent autoimmune disease that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD)
Group (p < 0.05), but both doses of B. lactis XLTG11 administrations reversed these changes, and the trend in the BH group was more similar to the normal control group (NC) group
These results indicated that B. lactis XLTG11 effectively relieved dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis symptoms
Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent autoimmune disease that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). IBD is a global health burden with the highest incidence in Western countries, the incidence in newly industrialized countries such as Asia, Africa, and South America has shown a rapid upward trend [1]. The specific pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, accumulating data indicates that genetic susceptibility, abnormal immune response, damaged intestinal barrier, and intestinal microflora imbalances play a vital role in the occurrence and progression of IBD [2,3,4]. The traditional drugs, including aminosalicylates, immunosuppressants, and biological drugs in patients with IBD, pose serious side effects, such as headache, nausea, and infection [2,5,6]. It is important to develop effective and harmless alternative strategies to alleviate IBD symptoms.
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