Abstract
Allergic asthma is the most frequent disease among the chronic respiratory disorders in pediatric age with an important social impact. In the last years, many efforts have been made to identify effective preventive approaches to get a better control of symptoms and to obtain the best future outcomes for the patients. In patients with allergic asthma triggered by the exposure to indoor allergens, the avoidance is the first intervention to prevent the appearance or the worsening of bronchial symptoms. This review article summarized the most recent evidence from literature about the efficacy of specific control interventions for the most important allergens. Even if a wide spectrum of interventions has been suggested and may help to reduce exposure to trigger allergy for sensitized patients suffering from respiratory allergy, evidence supporting the efficacy of these approaches is still weak and subject of controversy. However, the exposure control to specific airborne allergens is still widely recommended and may be effective as part of a holistic approach to reduce the severity of allergic respiratory symptoms in sensitized individuals.
Highlights
Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects millions of people worldwide with a significant burden to patients and the community; its prevalence varies among countries from 1 to 18% [1, 2]
House dust mite Use bed-encasing for mattress and duvet/pillows Wash bedding weekly in hot water and dry in a heated drier Remove dust mite reservoirs Reduce indoor humidity Vacuum with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter bag Remind that chemicals to kill mites or denature proteins have a modest effect
They demonstrated that allergic sensitization to House dust mites (HDM), cat, dog, and indoor mold were significantly associated with current asthma, while grass sensitivity did not show a similar association [23]
Summary
Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects millions of people worldwide with a significant burden to patients and the community; its prevalence varies among countries from 1 to 18% [1, 2]. This study highlighted the importance of avoidance of allergen source as a fundamental intervention in the management of allergic patient. In patients with allergic asthma triggered by the exposure to particular allergens, the avoidance is the first measure to prevent the appearance or the worsening of bronchial symptoms. The aim of this review article is to focus on the most effective interventions for reducing exposure to the most common airborne allergens in patients with allergic asthma. An important and widely investigated intervention to obtain a good management of patient with asthma is the control of indoor allergens exposure [29]. House dust mite Use bed-encasing for mattress and duvet/pillows (pore diameter
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