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Abstract
Allelopathic effects of the donor plants are mostly regarded as harmful to target plants such as traditional crops. Traditional crops play pivotal role as staple food for rural communities and hence ensuring food security. Study of the allelopathic effects of Androstachys johnsonii Prain on the germination and growth of Zea mays L. and Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc was conducted. Different plant leachates concentrations of 0.675%, 1.25%, 2.5% and 5% were prepared through serial dilutions. Germination bioassays were arranged in a complete randomized setup of three replicates for each treatment for seven days. Germination rates were calculated, radicle and hypocotyl lengths were also measured. Germination rates of Z. mays L. and V. subterranea (L.) Verdc. ranged from 50 - 100% and 18 - 76%, respectively. Significant differences of P< 0.005 were noticed from the germination rates of V. subterranea (L.) Verdc subjected to high concentrations of different extracts used. Statistically there was no significant differences between germination rates of Z. mays L. treated with all concentrations of leaf leachates against germination rates of the seeds treated with distilled water. Outstandingly, the germination rate and early growth of Z. mays L. were promoted by less concentrated extracts of leaf, root, stem bark and soil which then suggest future use of allelochemicals from Androstachys johnsonii Prain for promotion of maize plant productions. Based on the beneficial attributes of allelochemicals from Androstachys johnsonii on the germination and growth of Z. mays L., planting of Androstachys johnsonii Prain in maize fields is highly recommended.
Highlights
Allelopathy is defined as the direct harmful or beneficial effects of the donor plant on the target through the production of chemical compounds that escape into the environment.[1]
The results shown in figure 3 indicate that germination of Z. mays L. was slightly promoted by aqueous extracts of leaves, roots and stem bark of A. johnsonii Prain and aqueous extracts of soil collected under A. johnsonii Prain at the concentrations of 0.675 and 1.25
At concentration of 0.675% of stem bark, elongation of hypocotyl was even more than that of the control. This suggests that elongation of V. subterranea (L.) Verdc. hypocotyl was strongly promoted at 0.675% of stem bark aqueous extract. These results suggest that elongation of both Z. mays and V. subterranea (L.) Verdc. radicles were more sensitive to the allelopathic effects of A. johnsonii than germination
Summary
Allelopathy is defined as the direct harmful or beneficial effects of the donor plant on the target through the production of chemical compounds that escape into the environment.[1] It includes both detrimental and beneficial interactions between plants through chemical release by the donor. In practice, the term allelopathy is generally used to refer to detrimental plant -plant interactions.[2] Kohli et al.[2] alluded that allelopathy is exploited for weeds control in agricultural practices. Findings of other researches indicated allelopathy of tropical tree species as detrimental to germination and growth of paramount crop plant species.[3] Abugre et al.[4] concur that inhibitory effects of allelochemicals pose a serious crop reduction
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