Abstract
To evaluate probable allelopathic effect of different parts of Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) on the growth of redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) seedling, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University in 2012 (Iran). In this experiment, treatments were different parts of Russian knapweed (aerial part, flower and root) in different amounts (1, 2, 3 and 4 g/pot). Pots included 300 g of soil. Results showed the significant effect of Russian knapweed plant parts on the seedling emergence percent, root length, ratio of root/shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, and the significant effect of plant material amounts on the seedling emergence percent, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight. Interaction effect between plant material type and amount on the shoot length, root length, ratio of root/shoot length, seedling length was significant, too. The longest shoot (3.51 cm), root (1.75 cm), the highest ratio of root/shoot length (0.49) and seedling length (5.26 cm) belonged to control treatment. The highest seedling emergence percent of Amaranthus retroflexus (34.73%) and seedling fresh weight (0.176 g) were occurred at pots treated by Russian knapweed aerial part. The lowest seedling emergence percent (21.94 %) and seedling fresh weight (0.111 g) were obtained from application of Acroptilon repens powdered root. The maximum seedling dry (0.0126 g) and fresh (0.177 g) weight of Amaranthus retroflexus were obtained from control treatment.
Highlights
Redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) is a serious destructive weed which distributed worldwide, especially in farmland, orchards, gardens, the roadside and wasteland
To evaluate probable allelopathic effect of powdered originated from different parts of Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) on the growth of Amaranthus retroflexus, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the greenhouse condition at the Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University with latitude of 37.53° N, 45.08° E and 1320 m above sea in 2012
The highest emergence percent of Amaranthus retroflexus (34.73%) and seedling fresh weight (0.176 g) were occurred at pots treated by Russian knapweed aerial part
Summary
Redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) is a serious destructive weed which distributed worldwide, especially in farmland, orchards, gardens, the roadside and wasteland. Redroot amaranth can seriously affect the growth of crops and pollute crop seeds, bringing great loss to agricultural production (Costea et al, 2004; Li et al, 2004). Amaranthus retroflexus is a summer annual invasive plant, widely distributed in Mediterranean and European area commonly found in cultivated lands (D’Abrosca et al, 2006). Acroptilon repens (L.) DC (Russian knapweed; fomerly Centaurea repens), a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, is an exotic invasive plant in North America and has been suspected to be allelopathic (Fletcher and Renney, 1963). Phytochemicals from Russian knapweed are harmful to other plants (Stermitz et al, 2003)
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