Allelic Variation and Correlation Analysis in Bread Wheat (<i>Triticum Aestivum</i> L.) Accessions Based on Various Polygenic Traits

Abstract

To evaluate frequency distribution, correlation coefficient and allelic diversity of different wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.) germplasms, an experiment was done for one hundred wheat accessions during the rabi season 2004-05 with augmented field design at experimental area of Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Data were taken for different morphological parameters i.e. spike length (cm), number of spikelets spike -1 , grain yield plant -1 , 1000-grain weight and grain yield (Kg/Ha). The frequency distribution for spike length ranged from 6.2 to 22.1 (cm) with coefficient of variation 18.63%. The variation for grain yield plant -1 ranged from 1.26 to 4.58 (g) with coefficient of variation 21.89%. 1000-grain weight (g) varied from 15.74 to 46.65 (g) with coefficient of variation 23.55%. While, frequency distribution for grain yield (Kg/Ha) ranged from 2 610 to 5 065.9 (Kg/Ha). Hence, Spike length revealed significant and highly positively correlation with number of spikelets spike -1 , grain yields plant -1 and grain yield (Kg/Ha). While, highly significant positive correlation was observed of 1000-grain weight with grain yield (Kg/Ha). In the 2 nd part of experiment, SDS-PAGE analysis was utilized to study allelic diversity for high molecular weight glutenin subunit composition in the said 100 germplasm of wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.). All the accessions were partitioned into eighteen different HMW- glutenin subunit combinations, in which the subunit “null” (48%) has maximum frequency at the Glu-A1 locus. The most frequent HMW glutenin subunits at Glu-B1 locus were 7+8 with 54%. While, at locus Glu-D1 the subunit 2+12 was found in most of accessions with frequency of 79%. Hence in the experimental study fifteen accessions (PARC/MAFF 4272 (01), 4269 (01), 4358 (01), 4355 (02), PARC/JICA 3835 (05), PARC/MAFF 4358 (03), 4292 (01), 4354 (02), 4354 (01), 4264 (03), 4280 (03), 4269 (02), 4279 (01), 4277 (01), 4277 (02) were investigated for a desired quantitative traits with known sub units for good bread making quality, which leads to improvement in further wheat breeding programmes.